Ch20-Heart

1. The refractory period of an action potential in cardiac muscle is longer than the contraction itself. This is

A. To prevent Tetanus

B. To allow the heart to relax and refill before the next contraction can occur

C. To allow tetanus to occur in the heart

D. Both B and C are correct

E. Both A and B are correct

2. Bob went to the doctor complaining of chest pain and discomfort in his left arm. The doctor did an EKG on Bob. Which of the following might the doctor find on Bobs EKG?

A. Large R wave

B. Flat T wave

C. Large Q wave

D. Elevated T wave

3. Sympathetic adrenergic receptors alpha 1 and beta 1 always have a effect and alpha 2 and beta 2 always have a effect.

A. Inhibitory, excitatory

B. Excitatory, excitatory

C. Excitatory, inhibitory

D. Inhibitory, inhibitory

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">4. Which part of the brain controls heart rate and force of contraction?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Medulla oblongata

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Cerebral cortex

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Hypothalamus

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Limbic system

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">E. Pituitary gland

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">5. A decrease in force of contraction due to the influx of calcium being blocked during an action potential could be caused by a condition known as?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Hypercalcemia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Hypernatremia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Hyponatremia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Hypoglycemia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">6. If the heart’s natural pacemaker fails to fire then

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. no blood would enter the atria

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. no blood would enter the ventricles

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. the person would die within minutes

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. the node on the floor of the right atrium would act as a secondary pacemaker

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. the node on the floor of the left ventricle would act as a secondary pacemaker

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">7. Immediately following strenuous and vigorous exercise, which of the following is most likely to occur

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. blood is rapidly diverted to the digestive organs

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. the capillaries of active muscles will be engorged with blood

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. blood flow to the kidneys will increase

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. the skin will be cold and clammy

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">8. When the ventricles contract, atrioventricular valves close to prevent blood from flowing back into the atria. When the ventricles relax, semilunar valves close to prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. true

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. false

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">9. A long-term hypertensive person, whose BP is 200/120 mm Hg, is in risk of developing all of the following, except

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. a decrease in the size of the myocardium

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. an increased workload of the left ventricle

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. an increased risk of coronary artery disease

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. an increased risk of damage to the blood vessel’s endothelium

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">10. A condition where the coronary circulation becomes blocked and cardiac muscle cells die from oxygen starvation is called

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. tachycardia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. coronary thrombosis

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. angina pectoris

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. myocardial infarction

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">11. The heart beats how many times in a lifetime.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. 3.5 billion times

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. 2.5 billion times

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. 35 million times

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. 100,000 million times

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">12. TRUE ARE FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Myocarditis inflammation of endocardium and typically involves rheumatic fever.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">13. What's the correct order for blood flow

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. right atrium, left artium, left ventricle, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. superior vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, right ventricle, aorta.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">14. Serves as the primary pacemaker of the heart.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. sinoatrial node (sa node)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. purkinje fibers

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. atrioventricular node (av node)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. atrioventricular bundle (av bundle, or bundle of HIS)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">15. TRUE ARE FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Blood on the right side of heart is oxygenated and left side deoxygenated.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">16. Albumin proteins in the blood create what kind of pressure?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. blood hydrostatic pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. interstitial hydrostatic ressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. blood colloid pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. interstitial colloid pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. none of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">17. If the hearts AV node was blocked what would occur?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. the SA node would compensate by increasing bpm

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. the purkinje fibers would compensate by increasing bpm

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. the SA node and purkinje fibers would run independently of eachother

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. none of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18. Edith recently suffered a myocardial infarction, blood tests would show-

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. a decrease in creatine kinase

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. an increase in creatine kinase

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. a decease in fibrinolytic protiens

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. high levels of insulin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">19. Which of the following hormones would increase blood volume?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. anti diuretic hormone

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. aldestro﻿ne

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. calcitonin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. all of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. only a and b

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">20. Inotropic agents alter the contractility of the heart by altering Ca++ concentrations in the cell.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. true

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. false

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">21. Jane was diagnosed with an infection called cardiac tamponade which is a compression of heart when fluid builds up in the _ and pressure squeezes the heart preventing it from working properly. _ __is used for a removal of fluid from pericardial space.__

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Pericardium space, pericardia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Myocardium space, cardiac needle

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Pericardial space, pericardiocentesis

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Serous space, parietalcentesis

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">22. In the fetal circulation deoxygenated blood flows from the placenta.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. TRUE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">﻿b. FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">23. An elevated above baseline- acute myocardial infarction or depressed below baseline- insufficient oxygen on EKGS reading as:

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. T-segment

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. P waves

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Atrial repolarization hidden

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Q-R-X complex

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">24. While John was reading, he suddenly felt radiating pain from his neck and shoulder down his left arm, having chest pain and shortness o f breathe. He was experiencing a:

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Hemorrhage

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Aneurism

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Heart block

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">﻿d. Myocardial infarction

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">25. Ejection increasing pressure opens both SL valves & 70ml of blood rushes into aorta & pulmonary trunk.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Isovolumetric contraction

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Stroke volume

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">﻿c. ventricular

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. End-systolic volume

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">26. True or False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The semilunar valves allow blood to flow into arteries, but prevents blood from flowing back into ventricles.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">27.Mr. Smith had an EKG done, which revealed a flatten T-wave. This indicates what?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Nothing

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Mr. Smith's heart is not receiving enough oxygen

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Mr. Smith's heart is not pumping fast enough

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Mr. Smith is in perfect health

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">E. Something is wrong with the EKC machine

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">28. The left ventricle is the thickest chamber of the heart because...

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. It has to pump blood to the entire body

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. It has to pump blood to the lungs only

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. It has to pump blood to the legs

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. None of these

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">E. Both A and C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">29. True or False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The fossa ovalis is only present in a fetal heart

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">30. Creatine kinase shows up in blood drawn on 56yr old Karen, who has been complaining of heart burn and trouble sleeping.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The doctor explains that the presence of creatine kinase in her blood indicates that...

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. She should take ambien to help her sleep

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. She should take tums for her heart burn

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. She has had a heart attack

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Everything is fine

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">E. She may need a pacemaker for her heart

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">31. True or False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">In the Repolarization Phase voltage gated Na+ channels open and and then Na+ flows into the cell.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">32. Atrioventricular valves open when ?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. ventricle pressure is less than systole pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. ventricle pressure is less than atrial pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. ventricle pressure is greater than diastolic pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. pressure in the ventricle is greater than pressure in vessel

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">33. A patient went to the hospital and he had a myocardial infarction. The doctor wanted to do the procedure where he would use a balloon to remove the plaque. What is the name of the procedure?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. CABG

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. angioplasty

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. stent

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. none of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">34. Atrial Fibrillation is an irregular depolarization, no distinct P-Wave on EKG. Which of the following is not a an effect?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. ventricular contraction

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Blood may clot with inefficient circulation

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Rdeuce pumping effectiveness

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. All of the above are effects

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">35. Which of the following is not a factor that affects stroke volume?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. afterload

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. preload

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. resistance

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. contractility

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">36. TRUE OR FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Oxygenated blood enters the right atrium from the pulmonary veins and exits through the mitralvalve.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">37. Heart rate is affected by ions, age, gender, physical fitness, body temperature, and all but which of the following hormones?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. epinephrine b. norepinephrine c. amine hormones d. thyroid hormones

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">38. The Ligament Arteriosum is

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. remnant of the foramen ovale after birth b. temporary vessel which shunts blood away from the pulmonary trunk into the aorta c. remnant of the ductus arteriosis after birth d. separates the right and left atrium

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">39. TRUE OR FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The same nerves that innervate the left arm innervate the heart

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">40. Which is an example of the Frank-Starling Law?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. as Stroke Volume increases, End Diastolic Volume decreases

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. as Stroke Volume increases, End Diastolic Volume increases

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. as Stroke Volume increases, there is no change in End Diastolic Volume

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. as Venous Return decreases, End Diastolic Volume increases

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">41. Which of the following is NOT a result of the compression due to cardiac tamponade: A) cardiac output is reduced B) breathing becomes difficult C) blood pressure falls D) blood pressure rises

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">42. The right atrium receives blood from the lungs from the right and left pulmonary veins. A) True B) False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">43. All of the following are treatments for a myocardial infarction except A) inserting a chest tube B) CABG C) angioplast D) stent

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">44. What is the function of Gap junctions in cardiac muscle? A) to reinforce cells B) allow action potentials C) allows entire myocardium to contract as a single unit D) Both B&C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">45. Which of the following enhance the hearts pumping effectiveness? A) ADH B) Norepinephrine and Epinephrine C) Sodium D) None of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">46. All veins send deoxygenated blood to the heart, while arteries send oxygenated blood to the body.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. True

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">47. Match each coronary artery with the coronary vein that is located next to it.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Anterior Interventricular Artery

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Left Marginal Artery

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Posterior Interventricular Artery

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Right Marginal Artery

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Anterior Ventricular Artery

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">i. Small Cardiac Vein

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">ii. Anterior Cardiac Vein

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">iii. Posterior Vein of the left Ventricle

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">iv. Great Cardiac Vein

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">v. Middle Cardiac Vein

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">48. Patricia has shortness of breath and is feeling lightheaded. She goes to the ER and of course the nurse performs and EKG. The graph shows a large Q wave and the nurse’s diagnoses is confirmed. What is the nurse’s diagnosis?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Hypertension

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Hypoxia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Stroke

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Myocardial Infarction

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">49. Nick’s carotid artery has become clogged. Which receptors will be affected?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Baroreceptors and Chemoreceptors

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Alpha 1 receptors and baroreceptors

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Chemoreceptors only

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Proprioreceptors and Beta 2 receptors

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">50. Chris and Phylicia, who are male and female respectfully, are the same height and weight. Would they have the same cardiac output, when just looking at height, weight, and sex alone?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. No

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Yes 51)Which of the following is a TRUE statement? a)Blood passes from the left atrium into the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve. b)Blood passes from the left atrium into the left ventricle through the mitral valve. c)Blood passes from the left atrium into the left ventricle through the right atrioventricular valve. d)Both a and b e)All of the above

52) Which of the following is/are possible result(s) of a damaged atrioventricular valve? a)Blood clotting in the atria b)The ventricles of the heart do not contract properly c)Blood may regurgitate (flow back) into the atria when the ventricle contract d)An increase in Cardiac Output

53)Stroke Volume (SV) is the volume of blood ejected by the ventricle during each contraction. Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the regulation of SV? a)Preload-The amount of stretch before contraction. b)Contractility- The force of an individual cardiac cell’s contraction. c)Afterload- The pressure that must be exceeded before ejection of blood from ventricles occurs. d)Plateau- The time when there is no blood being ejected from ventricles

54) Doctor Gaudet orders an EKG to be performed on his patient. The EKG results show the S-T segment to be elevated above the baseline. This could be a sign of: a)Hyperkalemia b)Acute Myocardial Infarction c) Insufficient Oxygen d) Enlarged Ventricles

55)TRUE or FALSE? Following ventricular ejection, the ventricles are completely emptied of blood. a) TRUE- The ventricles are completely emptied of blood. <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">b) FALSE- There is always a little bit of blood remaining in the ventricles.

56) This “Distributing Tree” conducts actions potentials from the apex of the heart upward through ventricular myocardium. a) Sinoatrial node

b) Purkinje Fibers

c) AV bundle

d) Atrioventricular node

e) None of the above

57) Levels of what hormone(s) increase with exercise, stress, and excitement?

a) Norepinephrine

b) Epinephrine

c) HGH

d) Both a and b

e) A, B, and C

58) T/F? During Atrial Systole, the ventricles are contracting.

59) Jenny is complaining of chest pain, so her mother takes her to the ER. A blood test is run, and an infection is found. An x-ray reveals that there is fluid built up in the pericardial space. What is Jenny most likely suffering from?

a) Coronary Artery Disease

b) Congestive Heart Failure

c) Cardiac Tamponade

d) Mitral Valve Prolapse

e) Atrial Fibrillation

60) All of the following can be used in treatment of myocardial infarction EXCEPT:

a) Stent

b) Angioplasty

c) CABG

d) Beta Blockers

e) All of the above can be used.

61. What happens in the conduction system of autorhythmic fibers after the action potential reaches the atrioventricular (AV) node? A. Action potential enters both the right and left bundle branches. B. The action potential enters the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of his). C. Purkinje fibers rapidly conduct the action potential from the apex of the heart upward to the remainder of the ventricular myocardium. D. Following this action potential the atria contract.

62. What happens during Depolarization, Plateau and Repolarization of contractile fibers? A. Depolarization=Na+ gated channels open fast; Plateau=Ca+ gates open slowly as well as some K+ gated channels; Repolarization additional K+channels open and Ca+channels close. B. Depolarization=Ca+ gates open slowly as well as some K+gated channels; Plateau=Na+ gated channels open fast; Repolarization additional K+ channels open and Ca+ channels close. C. Depolarization=additional K+ channels open and Ca+ channels close; Plateau= Ca+ gates open slowly as well as some K+ gated channels; Repolarization Na+ gated channels open fast. D. Depolarization= Na+ gated channels close; Plateau= Ca+ gated channels open; Repolarization= K+ gated channesl open.

63. S-T segment on ECG represents A. The time from the beginning of atrial excitation to the beginning of ventricular excitation. B. The time when the ventricular contractile fibers are depolarized during the plateau phase of the action potential. C. The time from the beginning of ventricular depolarization to the end of ventricular repolarization. D. The time from the beginning of ventricular excitation.

64. Which of the following factors would increase cardiac output? A. increase contractility B. catecholamine or thyroid hormones in the blood C. increased body temperature will increase heart rate D. All of the Above

65.What happens after blood in the right atrium flows through the right AV valve into the right ventricle? A. Blood flows through pulmonary valve into pulmonary trunk. B. Contraction of the right ventricle forces pulmonary vale to open. C. Contraction of the left ventricle force aortic valve to open. E. None of the Above

66. The patient resting heart rate is 52. This is known as a) bradycardia b) tachycardia c) heart failure d) none of the above

67. When the nurse is listening to her patients heart sounds, this process is known as a) palpation b) ascultation c) all of the above d) none of the above

68. The purpose of the semilunar valves of the heart are to prevent back flow of blood into a) ventricles b) atrium c) lungs d) none of the above

69. Mr. Burns was recently diagnosed with Cor Pulmonale. The nuse identify which of the following as a sign of this heart disease a) hypertrophy of the right ventricle b) hypertrophy of the left ventricle c) pulmonary hypertension d) both A and C

70. When examining a model of the heart, the student notice that which chamber of the heart is the largest a) right atrium b) right ventricle c) left atrium d) left ventricle

71. The right ventricle receives blood from three veins. true or false

72. The recording of the electrical signals are known as A.) ANP B.)ECG C.)EKG D.)ESL E.)BOTH B AND C

73. there are no surgical techniques and medical devices to aid a failing heart. TRUE OR FALSE

74. A patient checks in and says he has been having chest problems. You noticed a clicking noise after the normal heart sounds. The patient could be diagnosed with_ __A) a heart attack__ __B) indigestion__ __C)cardiac reserve__ __D) a heart murmur__

__75. Mr. Johnny will receive a Cardiac transplant in a week. It is most likely he will receive poor results but it is worth a try. TRUE OR FALSE__

__76. T or F: Atrioventricular Valves open when ventricle pressure is > greater than areterial pressure.__ __77.__

Connections between arteries supplying blood to the same region is called?

a. Intercalated discs

b. Anastomoses

c. Ductus Arteriosus

<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">d. None of the above

78. A patient comes into the ER experiencing symptoms of edema in the lower extremities, weakness & fatigue, and can’t sleep lying down due to shortness of breath. The doctor takes a chest x-ray and can see that the heart is enlarged. The patient is diagnosed with?

a. Renal failure

b. Myocardial Infarction

c. Congestive Heart Failure

d. Pneumonia

79. What is the main cause for Congestive Heart Failure?

a. Diabetes

b. Hypertension (High BP)

c. Pneumonia

d. Edema

80. Which phase of the cardiac cycle is a brief time when ventricular blood volume is constant because all 4 valves are closed?

a. Isovolumetric Relaxation

b. Atrial Systole

c. Ventricular Systole

d 81. The blood route taken through the heart starts within the right atrium, then tricuspid valve then right ventricle, then pulmonary semilunarvale is this True or false 82 .Does an cardiac cycle systole and diastole the atria and ventricles True or false 83. True or false-the heart is made up of dense connective tissues. 84. An myocardial infarction or heart attack is shown within an higher Q wave.True or false 85. When K+ is raised the stroke volume is raised True or false 86. The coronary sulcus is also known as the "_", which encircles the heart. A. glove B. crown C. anterior sulcus D. posterior sulcus 87. Which valves guard the atria? A. atrioventricular valve B. semilunar valve C. No valves D. both A and B 88. When referring to the cells with pacemaker potential, which cells are known as "the gate keeper"? A. ainoatrial node B. atrioventricular node C. atrioventricular bundle D. purkinje fibers 89. If Hannah goes into the hospital and her EKG indicates atrial fibrillation, and she has had a heart attack, what kind of meds will she be administered? A. blood thinners B. antidiuretic C. stool softners D. acetominophin 90. Sympathetic stimulation and digitalis are due to increased contractility. Which inotropic agent is responsible for this? A. negative B. blocking C. positive D. none of the above 91.Decreased ventricular filling, reduced cardiac output, reduced venous return, drop in blood pressure, and difficulty breathing are all a result of what? a. pericarditis b. cardiac temponade c. chronic pericarditis d. myocarditis

92. Inflammation of the endocardium typically involves what structures? a. ventricles b. valves c. atrium d. pectinate muscles

93. The AV valves allow ejection of blood from the heart into arteries but prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles. a. true b. false

94. All of the following are principal tributaries carrying blood into the coronary sinus except? a. posterior cardiac veins b. great cardiac vein c. middle cardiac vein d. small cardiac vein e. anterior cardiac vein

95. The plateau phase of an action potential is due in part to the opening of voltage gated fast calcium channels. a. true b. false 96.A football player dies of commotiocordis when struck with a helmet in the chest. This took place during what event? **a.** **when the ventricles are repolarizing** b. when the aorta is in systole c. the super bowl d. when the stent collapses 97.The “Lubb” sound occurs during what phase of the cardiac cycle? a. soon after aortal systole begins **b.** **soon after ventricular systole begins** c. before ventricular systole d. randomly in a normal cardiac cycle 98.In cardiomyopathy ventricles stretch (enlarge). What is a result? a. Super pumping strength b. Increased pumping action **c.** **Decreased heart pumping action.** d. No effect. 99. If oxygen rich blood leaks from a vein what veins would one check? a. Femoral vein b. Iliac vein c. Any vein could do this **d.** **Pulmonary veins** 100. A patient’s ECG lacks a QRS complex. What may not be working? a. SA node b. Heart stopped entirely **c.** **AV node** d. Heart is functioning perfectly

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Answers:

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. E

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">3. C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">4. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">5. B

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">6. D

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">7. B

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">8. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">9. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">10. D

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">11. B

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">12. FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">13. B

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">14. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">15. FALSE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">16. c. blood colloid pressure

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">17. c. the SA node and purkinje fibers would run independently of eachother

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18. b. an increase in creatine kinase

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">19. e. only a and b

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">20. a. true; positive inotropic agent increases contractility negative inotropic agent decreases contractility

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">21. C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">22. B

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">23. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">24. D

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">25. C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">26. True : semilunar valves prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">27. B- flatten T-wave indicates the heart is not receiving enough oxygen

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">28. E- the left ventricle is thickest because it has to pump blood to the entire body ( including the legs)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">29. False- the foramen ovale is present only in a fetal heart

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">30. C- elevated creatine kinase in the blood indicates a heart attack

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">31. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">32. B.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">33. B.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">34. D.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">35. C.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">36. FALSE - Oxygenated blood enters the left atrium from the pulmonary veins and exits through the bicupsid (mitral) valve

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">37. C.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">38. C.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">39. TRUE

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">40. B.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">41. d

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">42. b

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">43. a

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">44. c

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">45. b

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">46. b

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">47. iv, iii, v, i, ii

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">48. D

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">49. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">50. A 51) D 52) C 53) D 54) B 55) B 56) B57) D58) FALSE59) C60) D61. B62. A63. B64. D65. B66.A67. B68.A69. D70. D71. false (right atrium)72. both b and c73. FALSE74. D 75. FALSE 76. False-Atrioventricular Valves open when ventricle pressure is < less than arterial pressure 77. B. Anastomoses 78. C. Congestive Heart Failure 79. B. Hypertension 80. A. Isovolumetric Relaxation 81. true 82. true 83. true 84. true 85 true 86. B 87. C 88. B 89. A 90. C 91. b 92. b 93. b 94. a 95. a 96.a 97.b 98.c 99.d 100.c