Ch18-Endocrine

1. The RAA pathway is activated by all of the following EXCEPT: a. Dehydration b. Hemorrhage c. Gunshot wound d. High blood pressure e. Low blood pressure

2. Which lipid soluble hormone is both a hormone and a neurotransmitter? a. Steroid Hormones b. Thyroid Hormones c. Nitric Oxide d. Amine Hormones e. Peptide Hormones

3. Without Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) urine output would do what? a. Increase b. Decrease c. Stay the same <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Stop completely <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. None of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">4.Low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) stimulates secretion of what hormone from the pancreas? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Insulin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Glucagon <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Glycogen <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Cortisol <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. Oxytocin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">5. Increase body temperature, Increase basal metabolic rate, Regulates growth and developement of nervous tissue and bone. These are actions of <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">which hormone? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Thyroid Hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Aldosterone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Luteinizing Hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Neurosecretory Cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. Prolactin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">6. A 23 year old female complains that her breast are very sore the week prior to her menstrual cycle. This is caused by an elevation in which hormone? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Luteininzing Hormone (LH) <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Prolactin (PRL) <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">7. What is the main function of IGF's (Insulin growth factors) after childhood? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Cell growth <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Cell decrease <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. The matienance of muscle mass <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. They influence carbohydrate metabolism <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. None of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">8. However controversial their is a "cure" for some of the effects of dwarfism? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a.True <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b.False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">9. Lutenizing Hormones (LH) in females: <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Trigger ovulation <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Secrete estrogen <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Prepare the uterus for childbirth <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. All of the above <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. None of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">10. Premenstral breast tenderness without the presence of milk is caused primarily by the release of: <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Oxytocin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Dopamine <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Lactosis <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Adrenocorticotropic Hormones <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. None of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">11. A person suffering from high levels of physical stress like fright or injury would most likely be suffering from low levels of: <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Progesterone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Glucocorticoids <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Prolactin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Leukocytes <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. All of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">12. Overscretion of hGH during childhood is called? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. giantism <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. acromegaly <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. pituitary dwarfism <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. cretinism <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. goiter

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">13. Which of the following systems work closely with the endocrine system to coordinate the <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">body's functions? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. cardiovascular system <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. respiratory system <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. reproductive system <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. nervous system <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. lymphatic system

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">14. Which of the following hormones is released in response to hypoglycemia? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. TSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. FSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. LH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. GH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. MSH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">15. All of the following are hormones of the anterior pituitary EXPECT. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. human growth hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. follicle-stimulating hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. adrenocorticotropic hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. prolactin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. oxytocin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">16. The hypothalamus sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medullae all initiate _ in <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">response to stress. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. stressor <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. fight or flight response <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. exhaustion <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. secretion of insulin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. constriction of the adrenal gland

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">17. Which of the following organs do not contain hormone producing cells? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A)stomach <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B)liver <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C) trachea <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D) skin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18.The hormone which effects skin pigmentation is <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A) FSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B) MSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C) GH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D) LH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">19.Insulin is secreted by <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A) alpha cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B) beta cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C) delta cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D) none of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">20.Calcitonin is a hormone of the <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A) parathyroid gland <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B) adrenal cortex <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C) thyroid gland <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D) pituitary gland

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">21. All of the following are endocrine glands except

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A) sweat glands <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B) adrenal glands <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C) parathyroid glands <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D) pineal glands

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">22. Hormones that enter target cells and bind to receptors in the nucleus are called

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. steroid hormones

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. water soluble hormones

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. peptide hormones

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. second messengers

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">23. The anterior lobe of the pituitary is controlled by hormones

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. made in the adrenal glands

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. made in the hypothalamus

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. made in the posterior pituitary

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. made in the parathyroid gland

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">24. The gland which can be classified as an endocrine and an exocrine gland is the

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. pituitary

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. thymus

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. thyroid

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. pancreas

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">25. Glucagon

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. slows down glucose formation from lactic acid

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. decreases the conversion of glycogen into glucose

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. speeds up protein synthesis within cells

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. accelerates the conversion of glycogen into glucose

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">26. Hypersecretion of Thyroxin would be caused by an increase in the release of

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. FSH or LH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. STHRH or STH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. TRH or TSH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. TSH or ACTH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">27. What hormone decreases in production as an infant nurses? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. PIH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. PRS <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. FSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. LH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">28. Lucy is a 32 year old female who has protruding eyes and an enlarged neck. Blood test show that she is producing antibodies that mimic the actions of the TSH and continually stimulate the thyroid gland to grow. What disease does is she suffering from?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. A Goiter <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Graves' Disease <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Cushing's Syndrome <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Addison's Disease

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">29. Kate is an 83 year old female that does not get enough calcium in her diet. The blood level of what hormone would increase from low Ca?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. PRLH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. TSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. PTH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. hGH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">30. In utero, adenohypophysis was once connected to the roof of the mouth.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. true <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. false

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">31. What hormone is increased during sleep?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. aldosterone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. cortisol <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. melatonin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. insulin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">32. The three ways of controlling hormone secretion employ negative feedback mechanisms?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) True <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) false

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">33. What is the name of the narrow region between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland that produces MSH in the fetus?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) Infundibulum <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) Intermediate lobe (pars intermedia) <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) Anterior lobe <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) Posterior lobe

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">34. How does the hGH affects the protein synthesis?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) Increasing the uptake of amino acids into cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) Increasing the breakdown of proteins and using the a.a for ATP production. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) Decreasing the oxidation of proteins <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) All of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">35. What/Wich hormones are produce by the adrenal medulla?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) Aldosterone and cortisol <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) Androgens. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) Renin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) Epinephrine and norepinephrine

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">36. Hypersecretion of cortisol results in cushing syndrome?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) True <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">37. Insulin release is stimulated by Ach released from what type of nerves that innervate the pancreas?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) Sympathetic nerves <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) Beta cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) Parasympathetic nerves <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) Alpha cells

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">38. What hormones in the Anterior Pituitary work with ovaries to regulate menstrual cycle, maintain pregnancy, prepare for lactation, and secondary sexual characteristics of females?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) FSH & LH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) PRL & LH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) TSH & FSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) PRL &FSH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">39. Out of the homones listed below which one is not produced by the thymus?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) thymosin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) thymic humoral factor <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) thyroid-stimulating hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) thymopoietin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">40. What is the function of the hormone Gastrin?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and bile <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) stimulates release of insulin by pancreatic beta cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) decreases blood pressure <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) promotes secretion of gastric juice and increases movements of the stomach

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">41. In Pancreatic Islets, exocrine gland cells are clustered in what, which produces digestive enzymes that flow into GI through ducts?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a) kidneys <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b) pancreatic islets <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c) bloodstream <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d) acini

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">42. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Mary’s child has a congenital heart disorder that causes heart failure, therefore she has high levels of _.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Calcitonin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Eicosanoids

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">43 <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Tim’s work schedule at work has changed from day shift to graveyard shift, thus he had to adjust his new sleep pattern. This type of hormone secreted by the pineal gland that helps set the timing of the body’s biological clock.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Melatonin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Insulin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Oxytocin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Androgen

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">44. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A hormonal interaction in which the effect on one hormone on a target cell requires previous or simultaneous exposure to another hormone(s) to enhance the response of a target cell or increase the activity of another hormone.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Accurate effect

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Response interaction

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Permissive effect

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Stressor

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">45. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Oxytocin is a secreting hormone of the hypothalamus that stimulates contraction of smooth muscle in the pregnant uterus and myoepithelial cells around the ducts of mammary glands.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">True

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">46. Her grandmother has an abnormally low concentration of glucose in her blood which can result from excess insulin (injected or secreted).

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Hypoglycemia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Parathyroid gland (PTH)

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Hyperglycemia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Hypophysis

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">47. Deficiency of what hormone during fetal development, infancy, or chilhood would cause severe mental retardation and stunted bone growth? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Amine Hormones <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Steroid Hormones <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Thyroid Hormones <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Eicosanoid Hormones

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">48. The Anterior Pituitary cells Somatotrophs secrete which hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. TSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. hGh <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. LH and FSH <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. ACTH and MSH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">49. During the RAA pathway of a hemorrhaging patient, what will take place in the kidneys? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Juxtoglomerular cells secrete renin into the blood <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Capillary enzyme ACE converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Angiotensin II causes secretion of aldosterone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Renin converts Angiotensin to Angiotensin I

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">50. If Stress is too great, it may lead to <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Elevated Heart Rate <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Anxiety <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Death <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Frequent Urination

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">51. This mechanism is used when a hormone is present in excess and it makes the target cells less sensitive to a hormone <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Down- Regulation <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Up-Regulation <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. RAA Pathway <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Na+/K+ Pump

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">52. Jennifer just gave birth to a baby boy, Jennifer and her boyfriend, who is the father of Jennifer’s baby, are dwarfs. Both knew how it is to grow up short. They ask doctors if anything can be done for their baby. Doctors suggest:

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Nothing because dwarfism is incurable

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. The baby needs to be checked first for the gene, he may carry the gene but it may not be active, if so give him a human growth hormone injection

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. If the dwarf gene is active give him human growth releasing hormone

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Dwarfism is a dominant gene, and if the baby is a dwarf he will be an adult with a normal height.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">53. Mickey was able to deliver her baby with no problem. She tried to breastfeed the baby, who had no problem latching on, what’s wrong?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Mickey’s oxytocin hormone was not released preventing her from letting down milk.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. Her follicle stimulating hormone was not released

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Prolactin releasing, inhibiting, or stimulating hormone did not do its job

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Nothing is wrong Mickey is just nervous.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">54. True/False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Macy just found out she is three months pregnant, after becoming six months she tells the doctor she is feeling more sluggish, she thinks it might be diabetes even though she has always tested negative for diabetes. Is it right of her to believe she has diabetes?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. True

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">55. Aldosterone can pass through the kidney cells all by itself

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. True

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">56. Prolactin and oxytocin have what kind of relationship?

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Synergistic

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. No relation

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. Antagonistic

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. Permissive

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">57. The mineralocorticoids in which the Zona glomerulosa secretes affect what? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. glucose homeostasis <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. mineral homeostasis <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. cause masculinizing effects <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. cause blood pressure to increase <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. cause blood pressure to decrease

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">58. Which of these are functions of the pancreas? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. raise blood glucose <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. secrete digestive enzymes <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. produce insulin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. both a & b <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. both b & c

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">59. A 32 year old male complains of having headaches, being irritable, shaking and intense hunger. Without doing a blood test what do you think he most likely has? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. acromegaly <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. hyperglycemia <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. hypoglycemia <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. diabeties insipidus <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. dehydration

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">60. Autocrine hormones are considered circulating hormones that act on nearby cells. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. True <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">61. Where are the receptors for lipid-soluble hormones located? <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. the outer surface of target cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">b. floating in plasma <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">c. within the target cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">d. bound to transport proteins <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">e. lipid-soluble hormones don’t have receptors 67. True or Flase Endocrine glands all shrink as a person gets older?

68. Durring a stressfull situation the hypothalamus will start what response?

a. fight or flight b run or stay c stop and go

69. How many amino acids does a larger protein hormone have?

a. 50 b. 200 c.65 d a&b 70 Your liver cells give tissues an abudent supple of ATP to deal with stress, this is an addition to what?

a. Glucocorticoids b. Protein c. Glucose D lipolysis

71 Vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone are caused by blood pressure being raised this is an action of what hormone with in the kidney?

a. Renin b. Leptin c. EPO D. ANP

72) Lipid-soluble hormones require what to travel through blood plasma? a) Vesicles b) Anti-diuretic Hormone c) Transport proteins d) Calcium e) Nitric Oxide 73) Gonadatrophs are cells of the Posterior Pituitary. 74) Which of the following disorders results from hypersecretion of hGH during adolescence? a) Acromegaly b) Dwarfism c) Diabetes Mellitus d) Hyperthyroidism e) Gigantism 75) What is a function of Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH)? a) Stimulates sperm production and testosterone in testes b) Stimulates follicle formation and estrogen in ovaries c) Produces and ejects milk from mammary glands d) Both A and B are correct e) All are correct 76) The Pituitary Gland produces Melatonin. 77.Which cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon? A. Beta cells B. Alpha cells C. Delta cells D. All of the above

78. The student know that the _ __gland secretes____ which promotes sleepiness in the dark. A. Pineal, Melatonin B. Pituitary, LH C. Posterior pituitary, FSH D. Thyroid, TSH

79. Which endocrine gland atrophy as a person get older? A.Pituitary B. Pineal C. Thyroid D. Thymus

80.The most abundant hormone of the AP is A. hGH B. ACTH C. LH D. FSH

81. Tim a 35 year old man has acromegaly. This disorder is defined as excess hGH in: A. Childhood B Adulthood C. Adolescence D. All of the above

82. Derived from arachidonic acid, which hormone(s) are se secreted in all cell types except RBCs? A. prostaglandins B. thyroid hormones C. leukotrienes D. both a and c

83. RU486 is a drug that blocks hormone receptors whose job is to prepare the lining of the uterus for implantation. When this drug is distributed to a pregnant women uterine condition needed to maintain the nourishments and developments of a fetus are not fulfilled because RU486 blocks the hormone from interacting with its receptors. What hormome is being blocked by RU486? A. follicle stimulating hormone B. progesterone C. androgen D. gonadotropin-releasing hormone

84. Hormones are only powerful in high concentrations. A. true B. false

85. Hyperglycemia stimulates the release of which hormone? A. ACTH B. ADH C. GIH D. EPO

86. With the help of other hormones prolactin promotes milk secretion by the mammary glands. What type of effect do these other hormones have on PRL? A. extensive effect B. synergistic effect C. antagonistic effect D. permissive effect

87. What organ of the body does ADH have a direct effect on by causing more water to be retained? a. Liver b. Gall bladder c. Kidneys d. Pancreas e. All of the above 88. T or F – TRH (Thyroid Releasing Hormone) is released from the Anterior Pituitary Gland and travels to the Thyroid Gland where it is told to start synthesizing & secreting hormones T3 & T4. 89. Hormones released from target glands decreases secretions from cells in the anterior pituitary because of which regulating factor? a. Positive Feedback b. Negative Feedback c. Releasing Hormones d. Inhibiting Hormones 90. T or F- Stimulation will increase the bursts of hormone secretion 91. How does the body maintain homeostasis when there is too much or too little of a hormone being produced? a. Negative & Positive Feedback b. Up-regulation & Down-Regulation c. Both A & B   d. None of the above 92. Doctor McClean has discovered that his patient has a growth hormone disorder. He decides to treat the disorder by administering hGH prior to the closure of his patient's epiphyseal growth plates. Considering the route of treatment, which growth hormone disorder does Doctor McClean's patient most likely have? a)Acromegaly- an excess of hGH in adulthood b)Gigantism-hypersecretion of hGH in childhhood c)Gigantism-hyposecretion o fhGH in Childhood d)Dwarfism-lack of hGH in childhood 93.Which of the following is a TRUE statement? a)Corticotropin Releasing Hormone is released by the Hypothalamus, resulting in the secretion of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone from corticotroph cells in the anterior pituitary b) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone from corticotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, resulting in Corticotropin Releasing Hormone is released by the Hypothalamus c) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone is released by the Hypothalamus, resulting in the inhibition of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone from corticotroph cells in the anterior pituitary d) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone is released by the Hypothalamus, resulting in the secretion of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone from corticotroph cells in the posterior pituitary 94.A patient enters the doctor’s office complaining of frequent urination, profuse sweating, and constant thirst. When the nurse checks the patients blood pressure, it reads abnormally low. Judging from his or her symptoms, what condition might this patient most likely have? a)Diabetes Mellitus- a hyposecretion of ADH or non functioning ADH receptors b)Diabetes Insipidus- a hypersecretion of ADH or non functioning ADH receptors c) Diabetes Mellitus- a hypersecretion of ADH or non functioning ADH receptors d) Diabetes Insipidus -hyposecretion of ADH or non functioning ADH receptors 95.What is the correct order for the mechanism of water soluble hormones? 1)cAMP serves as a secondary messenger to activate protein kinasees 2)Phosphodiesterase inactivates cAMP 3)Binding of hormones to its receptor activates G-protein, which activates adenylate cyclase 4)Activated protein kinases phosphorylate cellular proteins 5)Millions of phosphorylated proteins cause reactions that produce physiological responses 6)Activated adenylate cyclase converts ATP to cAMP a) 1,2,3,4,5,6 b) 3,6,1,4,5,2 c) 4,6,2,1,4,3 d)2,5,4,1,6,3 96.Cathy goes to her doctor in a panicked state. She declares that she is suddenly growing hair in abnormal places; such as he face and chest, her voice has drastically deepened,her breasts have atrophied, and most frightening of all, her clitoris has begun to enlarge. What possible disorder could Cathy be suffering from? a)Congenital Hypothyroidism b)Cushing’s Syndrom c)Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia d)Chronic Adrenocortical Insufficiency

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Answers <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. D- The RAA pathway is activated by anything that causes a drop in blood pressure. Here is an excellent tutorial and self-quiz on the RAA pathway. RAA Pathway

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. C- Nitric Oxide acts as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">3. A- Antidiuretic Hormone decreases urine production, without it urine output would increase from 1 to 2 liters to about 20 liters a day

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">4. B- Glucagon, acts on liver cells to covert glycogen into glucose; glucose is then released to raise blood glucose levels

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">5. A- Thyroid Hormone

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">6. C- Prolactin initiates milk secretion by the mammary glands, breast tenderness just before menstruation

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">7. C- IGF's are responsible primarily for maintaing muscle mass after adolescence

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">8. A-True. By increasing the amount of Human Growth Hormone prior to full bone growth during childhood the child will grow taller and have denser bones.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">9. D. All of the above

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">10. B. The nuerotransmitter dopamine is responsible for emotional responses, pleasurable experiances and (but not limited to) skeletal muscle tone.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">11. B. Additional glucose supplied by the liver raises the amount ATP in your body which combats stresses such as fright, trauma, and infection.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">12. A- giantism

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">13. D- nervous system

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">14. D- gh

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">15. E- oxytocin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">16. B- fight or flight response

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">17. C. trachea

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18. B. MSH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">19. B. beta cells

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">20. C. thyroid gland

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">21. A. sweat gland

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">22. A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">23. B

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">24. D

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">25. D

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">26. C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">27. a. PIS

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">28. b. Graves' Disease

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">29. c. PTH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">30. a. true

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">31. c. melatonin

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">32.a) True

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">33. b) Intermediate lobe (pars intermedia).

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">34. d) All of the above.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">35. d) Epinephrine ans norepinephrine.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">36. a) True.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">37. C. parasympathetic nerves- innervates the pancreas

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">38. A. FSH & LH- work together dealing with ovaries

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">39. C. thyroid-stimulating hormone- deals with thyroid gland, has nothing to do with thymus

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">40. D. promotes secretion of gastric juice and increases movement of the stomach - deals with the gastrin hormone

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">41. D. acini- makes the digestive enzyme which goes to the GI

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">42. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">43. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">44 <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">45. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">46. A <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">47. C. Thyroid Hormone

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">48. B. hGH

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">49. A. Juxtoglomerular cells secrete renin into the blood

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">50. C. Death

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">51. A. Down-Regulation

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">52. The baby needs to be checked first for the gene, he may carry the gene but it may not be active, if so give him a human growth hormone injection

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">53. Prolactin Releasing, Inhibiting, or Stimulating hormone did not do its job.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">54. True

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">55. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">56. Permissive

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">57. B. mineral homeostasis

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">58. E. both b & c

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">59. C. hypoglycemia

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">60. B. False

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">61. C. within the target cells <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">67 false <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">68. a.fight or flight <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">69.c 50 and 200 <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">70. a. Glucocorticoids <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">71. Renin <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">72) C <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">73) False <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">74) E <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">75) D <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">76) False <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">77. **B** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**78. A** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**79. D** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**80. A** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**81. B** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**82. D** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**83. B** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**84. A** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**85. C** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**86. D** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 87. c. Kidneys 88. False –TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) is released from the Anterior Pituitary Gland 89. b. Negative Feedback 90. True 91. b. Up-regulation & Down-regulation ANSWERS: 92)d   93)a 94) d   95) b    96) c