Ch25-Urinary

> a. liver > b. pancreas > c. spleen > d. kidney > > 2. Principle functional organ of urinary system are the kidneys, located > retroperitoneally attached to the. > a. anterior abdominal cavity > b. urinary bladder > c. posterior abdominal cavity > d. urethral sphincter > > 3. During glomerular filtration what pass from blood plasma into the capsular > space. > a. capsular hudrostatic pressure(CHP) > b. water and solutes > c. glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP) > d. blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) > > 4 . Urine is store in urinary bladder when pressure builds up its initiates. > a. micturition flex > b. internal urethral sphincter > c. autonomic nervous system > d. external urethral sphincter > > 5. True are False > females uretha are short and serves a single purpose for urine conduction, > males uretha are longer has dual role urine and semen conduction. > > 6. What waste product is released from the kidneys after exercise? > a. uric acid > b. bilirubin > c. creatine > d. ammonia > > 7. The efferent arteriole is thinner in diameter than the afferent arteriole. > a. true > b. false > > 8. A person with one kidney can function and filter at the rate of- > a. 10% > b. 50% > c. 80% > d. 100% > > 9. The thin _ limb of the Loop of Henle is more permeable to water while the thick _ limp is more permeable to Na+ > a. descending; ascending > b. ascending; descending > c. pct; dct > d. dct; pct > > 10. What hormone increases excretion of Na+ and urine output thus decreasing blood volume? > a. angiotensin > b. ANP > c. aldosterone > d. PTH > > 11. True or False > The functional unit of the kidney is called the Nephron. > > 12. Which hollow muscular organ is situated in the pelvic cavity? > > A. Kidneys > B. Liver > C. Urinary Bladder > D. Lung > E. None of these > > 13. Tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder are called... > > A.Urethra > B. Loop of Henle > C. Ureters > D. Proximal Convoluted tubule > E. Glomerulus > > 14. Discharge of urine from the bladder is called... > > A. Micturation > B. Urination > C. Voiding > D. All of these > E. None of these > > 15. Large increase in blood volume promotes release of what hormone from the heart? > > > > A. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide > B. Aldosterone > C. Renin > D. Antidiuretic Hormone > E.Angiotensin > > 16. Most glucose molecules are reabsorbed in the > a. proximal convoluted tubules > b. distal convoluted tubules > c. collecting ducts > d. loop of Henle > > 17. All the following are principle solutes of urine EXCEPT > a. urea > b. creatinine > c. glycogen > d. uric acid > > 18. Which of the following hormones increase reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts? > a. rennin > b. ADH > c. aldosterone > d. insulin > > 19. Urine is expelled from the urinary bladder by > a. excretion > b. defecation > c. micturition > d. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">filtration > > <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">20. The kidneys > a. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">help regulate blood volume > b. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">help control blood pressure > c. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">help control pH >  d. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">all of the above > > > a. Fliters, calcium > b. Absorb,fluid > c. Pressure, volume > d. Concentrate,electrolytes > > 22. This is the order of the basics of Urinary System: > a. Renal pelvis-renal artery-kidney-ureter-bladder-urethra > b. Renal artery-kidney-pelvis-renal pelvis-ureter-bladder-urethra > c. Renal artery-kidney-renal pelvis-ureter-bladder-urethra > d. Kidney-renal pelvis-urethra-bladder-ureter > > 23. Sympathetic division regulates blood flow through kidneys via vasodilation/constriction of renal arterioles. > a. TRUE > b. FALSE > > 24. Juxtamadullary nephrons are 25-20% renal corpuscle & vasa recta with _ loops of Henle blood from peritubular capillaries & vasa recta. > a. Long > b. Short > c. Thick > d. Thin > > 25. arteriole is smaller than so resistance is high. > a. Afferent, convoluted artery > b. Efferent, afferent > c. Efferent, interlobular artery > d. Arcuate, interlobualar 21. Kidneys _ urine and reabsorb vital ___.__ a. 1200 mL b. 1400mL c. 1000mL d. None of the above
 * 1) 1. The filtration units are.
 * 1) 26. In an adult the blood flow through both Kidneys is
 * 1) 26. In an adult the blood flow through both Kidneys is

27. Each nephron of the kidney has 2 patrs. True or False. 28. The distal convoluted tubule of several nephrons empty into collecting ducts. True or false. 29.Which of the following is a potent vasoconstrictor? a. ANP b. Ang II c. a and b  d. None of the above 30. Narrowing of the lumen of the ureter or urethra is called a. enuresis b. dysuria c. stricture d. uremia 31. What are the tubes that connect the kidney to the urinary bladder? a. renal artery b.ureter c.renal vein d.urethra 32. The males urethra is much shorter then the female urethra. a.True b.False 33. Where does urine drain into right before it reaches the ureters? a.renal papilla b.renal pyramids c.renal cortex d.renal pelvic 34. The Juxtamedullary nephron reaches deep into the renal medulla and is longer then the cortical nephron. a.True b.False 35. Arial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has what kind of affect on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? a.it inceases it b.it decreases it  c.is stays the same

36. What is the flow of fluid through a cortical nephron? 1. Proximal Convoluted Tubules 2. Ascending loop henle 3. Distal Convoluted Tubule 4. Descending loop of Henle 5. Glomerular Capsule a. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 b. 5, 1, 4, 2, 3 c. 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 d. 5, 3, 4, 2, 1

37. Which nephron has long loop of Henle, receives blood from peritubular capillaries and vasa recta, and its ascending limb has a thick and thin region? a. Cortical nephron b. Juxtamedullary nephron c. both a and b d. none of the above

38. Which barrier in Glomerular filtration does not allow plasma solutes( RBCs, WBCs, Platelets) to pass? a. Basal lamina b. Pedical filtration slits c. Glomerular endothelial cells d. Fenestrations e. both c and d

39. Filtration takes place in what part of the nephron? a. Renal Corpuscle b. Renal Tubule c. both a and b d. none of the above

40. Which sphincter is innervated by the somatic nervous system providing conscious control over the micturition reflex? a. Internal urethral sphincter b. External urethral sphincter c. Ureters d. Bladder

41. True or False Juxtamedullary nephron are 80-85% of nephrons. The renal corpuscle is deep in the cortex with long loops of henle. A. True B. Flase

42. Which of the following are not causes of the macula densa? A. vasodilation of afferent arteriole B. stimulates juxtaglomerualer cells which secrete renin C. vasoconstriction of efferent arteriole D. all of the abovve are causes of the macula densa

43. Which od the following is found in the proximal convoluted tubule? A. simple squamous B. simple columnar C. simple cuboidal D. stratified cuboidal

44. True or False The thin region of the loop of henle is permeable to water and impermeable to ions. A. true B. false

45. Increase osmolarity of plasma and interstitial fluid is detected by the hypothalamus. Which hormone causes this? A.antidiuretic hormone B. atrial natriuretic peptide C. parathyroid hormone D. none of the above

46. Which of the following hormones puts calcium into the blood? A. Calcitonin B. Calcitriol C. Cations D. Glomerular filtration

47. The extracellular fluid in the body is similar to sea water A. True B. False

48. Which of the following body systems is/are responsible for seperating waste from body fluids? A. Respiratory B. Integumentary C. Digestive D. Urinary E. All of the above

49. Jessica went to the doctor complaining of abdominal pain and excessive vomiting. After doing an ultrasound her doctor diagnosed her with a fallen kidney. The clinical term for this condition is? A. Nephroptosis B. Nephrittis C. Nephropathy D. Nephroedema

50. Within the glomerular capsule which of the following mediates filtration? A. Glomerulus B. The parietal layer C. Podocytes D. juxtaglomerular apparatus

1) 51) All of the following are functions of the Urinary System EXCEPT: a) Regulation of Blood pH b) Production of Hormones c) Excretion of Wastes and Foreign Substances d) Carrying out Immune Responses e) Regulation of Blood Pressure 52) T/F? Juxtamedullary nephrons are the most common nephrons and have short loops of Henle. FALSE 53) Which of the following structures is NOT a part of a nephron? a) Bowman’s capsule b) Distal Convoluted Tubule c) Ascending Loop of Henle d) Glomerulus e) All of the above are parts of a nephron. 54) The Proximal Convoluted Tubule of a nephron is made up of this type of epithelium with prominent brush borders of microvilli: a) Stratified Squamous b) Simple Columnar c) Simple Cuboidal d) Transitional 55) T/F? Glomerular Filtration is the process by which blood and most solutes in blood plasma move across the wall of glomerular capillaries into the Bowman’s capsule and then into the renal tubule. TRUE

56)Which of the below is TRUE regarding Na+/H+ Antiporters located in the PCT? a)1Na+ reabsorbed; 1 H+ reabsorbed b)1Na+ secreted ; 1H+ reabsorbed c)1Na+ secreted; 1H+ secreted d)1Na+ reabsorbed; 1 H+ secreted

57) Use the word bank to complete the statement below: a)wate;r b)ions; c)permeable ;d)impermeable “The Loop of Henle has two distinct regions: a thin region and a thick ascending limb. The thin region of the Loop of Henle is permeable to and impermeable to _, while the thick ascending limb of the Loop of Henle is to water and to ions.”  a) a,b,c,d b) a,b,d,c c) b,a,d,c d) b,a,c,d

58) Which hormone has the largest impact on the concentration of urine? a)Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) b)Angiotensin II c)Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) d)Angiotensin I

59)Which of the following is NOT true of the urinary system as a person ages (>40 yrs old)? a)Filtration rate will increase b)Susceptibility to excessive urine production (Polyuria) increases c)Become more likely to be incontinent d)Sensation of thirst decreases, increasing susceptibility to dehydration

60)Cancer of the prostate is common in elderly women. a)TRUE b)FALSE

61. Filtration will cease if the Glomerular Blood Hydrostatic Pressure (GBHP) drops below? a. 55mmHg b. 40mmHg c. 45mmHg d. 35mmHg e. None of the above

62. T or F: Hypertension can cause kidney failure which can be one of the first signs for being hypertensive. A. True B. False

63. T or F: In Primary Active Transport, the symporter moves (2) two solutes in the same direction, while the antiporter moves (2) two solutes in opposite directions. A. True B. False

64. The Na+-Glucose Symporter moves Na+ & glucose into the cells. How does glucose exit the cell? a. Na+/K+ pumps b. Facilitated diffusion c. through an ion channel d. a & b e. b & c

65. In the PCT & Loop of Henle, water follows solutes via: a. Electrical gradiant b. Facilitated diffusion c. Aquaporin channels d. Active transport

66. After the boil order is lifted, a Saints fan has excessive albumin in her urine. Bacteria may have caused a. albumin to overproduce b. blockage of the afferent arterioles c. an increase in permeability of filtration membranes d. the water to paralyze the kidneys 67. How can caffeine affect blood pressure in the kidneys? a. It has no effect. b. Its diuretic effect increases urine output and lowers blood volume. c. It stimulates the kidneys to constrict and raise blood pressure. d. It increases the amount of fluid in the bladder. 68. How does angiotensin II affect renal physiology? a. It decreases GFR by vasoconstricting afferent arterioles. b. It enhances reabsorption of sodium and chlorine in proximal convoluted tubule. c. It stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone. d. all of the above 69. Tubuloglomerular feedback decreases GFR by decreasing NO release in the JG apparatus. What triggered this? a. stimulation from the medulla oblongata b. rapid delivery of Na and Cl to the macula densa c. cardiovascular signals d pressure increase in the Bowman's capsule 70. In hormone regulation of GFR, which hormone can increase GFR by relaxing mesangial cells? a. aldosterone b. angiotensin II c. renin d. ANP


 * 1) Phylicia has bruised a part of her urinary bladder. What kind of tissue has been bruised?


 * 1) Transitional Epithelium
 * 2) Simple Squamos Epithelium
 * 3) Transitional Cuboidal Epithelium
 * 4) Transitional Longitudinal Epithelium

72. True/ False The kidney’s help in the calcium and red blood cells homeostasis.


 * 1) True
 * 2) False

73. Patricia has to urinate, but her body notices that she does not have enough chloride in her body. What part of the nephron is going to hurry up to collect this chloride and return it to the body?


 * 1) Glomerus
 * 2) Collecting duct
 * 3) Bowman’s Capsule
 * 4) Afferent Arteriole

74. Keisha is anorexic. Keisha’s body fat is in a very low, so what will happen to the kidneys?


 * 1) They will stay intact
 * 2) Fat doesn’t touch the kidneys
 * 3) The kidney’s will digest the fat
 * 4) They will be displaced

75. John has hepatitis, inflammation of the liver. Will this affect the blood pressure?


 * 1) Yes, because this organ is involved in the renin - angiogenesis - aldosterone pathway
 * 2) No, liver inflammation doesn’t have anything to do with blood pressure
 * 3) No, blood pressure is only dealing with the urinary system, which the liver isn’t part of the urinary system
 * 4) Yes, fat from the liver is being broken down and increasing blood pressure

ANSWERS:

1. d 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. true 6. c. creatine 7. a. true 8. c. 80% 9. a. descending; ascending 10. b. ANP 11.True 12. b. urinary bladder 13.c. ureters 14.d. all of these 15.a. atrial natriuretic peptide 16. a 17. c 18. b 19. c 20. d

21.D 22.C  23. A 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. true 28. true 29. B 30. C 31.B  32.B  33.D  34.A  35.A  36. b 37. b 38. e 39. a 40. b 41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. A 46. B 47.A  48. E 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. FALSE 53. E 54. C 55. TRUE 56)d 57)b 58)c 59)a 60)b 61.c  62.a  63.b  64.e  65.c  66.c  67.b  68.d  69.b  70.d 71. A 72. A 73. B 74. D 75. A