Ch23-Respiratory

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1. Volume of air thats exhated from lungs in 1 second with maximal effort following a maximal inhalation.

a. dalton's law b. FEV ( forced expiratory volume) c. functional residual capacity d. ventilation rate

2. If the size of pressure inside a closed container increased, pressure of gas inside container decreases, now the size of the container is decreased, and the pressure inside increases. This relationship between pressure and volume is called.

a. Brock's law b. Henry's law c. Boyle's law d. Dalton's law

3. Develop an abcess or tumor, or when tonsils obstruct breathing during sleep.

a. inferior meatuses b. nasal vestibule c. rhino plasty d. tonsillectomy

4. The segment that branches of the secondary bronchus are called.

a. teritary branches b. terminal bronchiole c. primary bronchus d. bronchial tree

5. What type of cells found inside of the alveolar sac.

a. monocyte b. type II alveolar (septal cell) c. type I alveolar (squamous pulmonary epitheluim cells) d. alveolar macrophage (duct cells)

6. True or False Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas varies inversely with volume.

7. The most important muscle of inhalation is...

A. Nose B. Diaphragm C. Lungs D. Mouth E. Both A and C

8. What happens to the pulmonary blood vessels when oxygen levels are low in all other body tissues?

A. Pulmonary vessels dialate B. Pulmonary vessels constrict C. Pulmonary vessels stay the same D. All of these E. None of these

9. Excess fluids accumulating in the pleural space is called

A. Pleurisy B. Pleuritis C. Pleural effusion D. Atelectasis E. Viseral effusion

10. True or False Each lung has 3 lobes

a. Carbon dioxide b. Hydrogen c. Gas exchange d. Carbon monoxide

12. Boyle’s Law is volume of gas is inversely related to pressure, therefore, pressure increases volume increases. a. TRUE b. FALSE

13. In the pons, Pneumotaxic area turns off center before it becomes too full of air. /breathing. a. Expiratory, shallow/rapid b. Inspiratory, slow/deep c. Respiratory, increase/decrease d. Inspiratory, shallow/rapid

14. In Dalton’s Law atmospheric pressure (__mmhg) is the sum of the pressures of individual gasses.__ a. 760 b. 500 c. 350 d. 670

15. Oxygen binding to hemoglobin, only 1.5% dissolved in Plasma- this O2 that diffuses out of blood & into cells. About 98.5% bound to hemoglobin in RBCs. a. TRUE b. FALSE __ 11. Respiratory zone main sites of __is in respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, & alveoli. __16. Which of the following divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides?__ __a. nasal vestibule__ __b. middle meatuses__ __c. nasal septum__ __d. external nares__

__17. Which of these is the superior portion of the pharynx?__ __a. nasopharynx__ __b. oropharynx__ __c. laryngopharynx__ __d. hypopharynx__

__18. How many lobes does the right lung have?__ __a. 1__ __b. 2__ __c. 3__ __d. 4__

__19. The left lung has a cardiac notch, in which the heart lies.__ __a. True__ __b. False__

__20. Which of the lung volumes is the vloume of additional air you inhale after taking a vey deep breath?__

__a. expiratory reserve volume__ __b. residual volume__ __c. total lung capacity__ __d. inspiratory reserve volume__

__21.True/ False. One function of the respiratory system is to regulate blood Ph.__ __22. True/ False. Leukocytes remove inhaled particles in termial bronchioles.__ __23. The student knows that__ _ is the atmospheric pressure at sea level a. 50 b. 360 c. 760 d. none of the above 24. Which is the most important muscle for adequate respirations? a. Diaphragm b. Intercostal c. Pectorial d. All of the above 25. Which type of alveolar cell secrete surfactant? a. type 1 b. type 2 c. type 3 4. Alveolar macrophages

26. Cilia above the throat moves mucus---and cilia below the throat moves mucus? A. Down, Down B. Down, Up C. Up, Down D. UP, Up

27. Matching: 1. Pulmonary trunk 2. Bronchial arteries 3. Venous drainage 4. Hypoxia

A. Bring oxygenated blood B. Brings deoxygenated blood C. Low oxygen levels D. Returns all blood to the heart

28. As a person inhales the volume of the lungs--- and the pressure inside the lungs A. Increases, decreases B. Increases, increases C. Decreases, increases D. Decreases, decreases

29. Which of the following is considered to be the most efficient breathing pattern? A. Eupnea B. Costal breathing C. Diaphragmatic breathing D. All of the above 30. While playing football, Phillip was hit hard and knocked to the ground. As he stood up he was having difficulty catching his breath. His coach said, “walk it off, you just got the wind knocked out of you”. Which of the following was effected when phillip was hit? A. Tidal volume B. Inspiratory reserve volume C. Expiratory reserve volume D. Residual volume E. Minute ventilation

31. Nikki needs an emergency tracheotomy next to the mosh pit at voodoo fest, where does her boyfriend need to cut in order to place the ball point pen? a. thyroid cartilage b. epiglottis c. cricoid cartilage d. corniculate cartilage

32. When does the rima glottis close earlier after each inhalation so only a little air enters the lungs with each inhalation? a. sighing b. sobbing c. laughing d. crying

33. Expiration is initiated by the- a. increase of PCO2 b. high levels of H+ c. increase of PO2 d. none of the above

34. Before Jesse dives underwater he takes a inhales a deep, long breath, what area is activated in order for him to stop inhaling? a. pneumotaxic center b. apneustic center c. expiratory center d. inspiratory center

35. Lexi ran strenuously, and built up up a plethora of lactic acid in her muscles. This would _ her affinity for Hb-O. a. increase b. decrease c. stay the same

36) .Bobby and Kim both enter Children’s hospital together. Bobby has an upper respiratory tract infection and Kim has a lower respiratory tract infection. Which child should be seen first? A.) Bobby B.) Kim C.) Whoever is the oldest

D.) They both have respiratory infections so it doesn’t matter

37.) This part of the Respiratory system has the most cartilage:

A) Larynx B) Pharynx C) Trachea D) Lower Respiratory tract

38.) Reggie has been thinking about smoking cigarettes lately to help relieve some stress. Which of these would NOT be likely to occur from the smoking in the long run? A.) Laryngitis B) pain on swallowing C) pain radiating to an ear D) loss of voice

E)all of the above

39.) Perfusion and ventilation should__each other.__ __A) constrict__ __B)cross__ __C) differ from__ __D) match__ __E) none of the above__

__40) The respiratory system functions to maintain proper levels of :__ __A) carbon dioxide and oxygen__ __B)oxygen and H2O__ __C) H2O and carbon dioxide__ __D) neutrons and electrons__

__41. Surface area of the lungs increases due to __ __a. bronchi __ __b. bronchioles __ __c. alveolar ducts __ __d. alveoli __

__42. The diaphragm __ __a. contracts in response to the vagus nerve __ __b. is skeletal muscle __ __c. forms the outer lining of the lungs __ __d. is smooth muscle that forms the bronchioles __

__43. Bronchiolar constriction is most likely to cause __ __a. wheezing __ __b. pulmonary edema __ __c. laryngitis __ __d. pneumothorax __

__44. As plasma PCO2 increases __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. hemoglobin synthesis increases __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. vital capacity increases __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. respiration ceases __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. ventilation increases __

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">45. Contraction of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. stimulates the phrenic nerve __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. causes air to move out of the lungs __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. decreases thoracic volume __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. is responsible for inhalation __

__46. During Chemoreceptor regulation of respiration the CNS chemoreceptors respond to change in H+ and PO2 in CSF and not CO2?__ __A. True__ __B. False__

__47. Spasmodic contraction of muscles of exhalation that forcefully expels air through the nose and mouth. Stimulus may be an irritation of the nasal mucosa?__ __A. Coughing__ __B. Sneezing__ __C. Sobbing__ __D. Crying__

__48. What happens during Systemic Gas exchange between CO2 and O2?__ __A. CO2 will be loading on RBC from tissue, while O2 will be unloaded from RBC to the tissue.__ __B. CO2 will be unloaded from RBC to the tissue, while O2 will be loaded to RBC from tissue.__ __C. Both CO2 and O2 will be loaded from RBC to tissue.__ __D. Both CO2 and O2 will be unloaded from tissue to RBC.__

__49. Why is the Chloride shift so important during the exchange of O2 and CO2 in pulmonary and systemic capillaries?__ __A. To bind O2 to HB.__ __B. To diffuse CO2 from blood into alveolar air.__ __C. Used to form Carbonic Anhydrase.__ __D. To maintain an electrical balance.__

__50. Which factors affect Hemoglobin's Affinity for Oxygen?__ __A. Acidity increases which causes unloading of Hb - O2.__ __B. Temperature increases which causes unloading of Hb - O2.__ __C. BPG increases which causes unloading of Hb - O2.__ __D. PCO2 increases which causes unloading of Hb - O2.__ __E. All of the Above.__

__51. True or False__ __Intrapleural pressure is between plueral membranes, which is always atmospheric.__

__52. Nicole went to the hospital for cyanide poisoning. Her organs with increased metabolic demands were affected first. What type of hypoxia did she end up having?__ __A. Anemic hypoxia__ __B. Histotoxic hypoxia__ __C. Hypoxemic hypoxia__ __D. None of the above__

__53. True or False__ __A man in his fifties went to the hospital with emphysema. He found out that having emphysema causes his lungs to expand more accounts for increase total lung capacity and his surface area is reduced for gas exchange.__

__54. A young girl was diagnosed with asthma. What treatment or treatments could she use for asthma?__ __A. Albuterol__ __B. Epinephrine__ __C. Corticosteriods__ __D. All of the above can be used__

__55. What factors affect Acidity's transport of oxygen?__ __A. increase acidity, increase Hb-O2, promotes unloading of oxygen__ __B. increase acidity, increase Hb-O2, promotes binding of oxygen to hemoglobin__ __C. increase acidity, decrease Hb-O2, promotes unloading of oxygen__ __D. increase acidity, decrease Hb-O2, promotes binding of oxygen to hemoglobin__

__56. Which of the following removes fine dust particles and other debris from the alveolar space?__ __a) type I alveolar cells__ __b) type II alveolar cells__ __c) alveolar macrophages__ __d) respiratory membrane__

__57. Gas exchange between capillaries and tissue cells is called__ __a) internal respiration__ __b) external respiration__ __c) pulmonary ventilation__ __58. When the pressure increases the volume decreases and when pressure decreases volume increases.__ __a) true__ __b) false__

__59. Which nerve controls breathing?__ __a) vagus nerve__ __b)phrenic nerve__ __c) facial nerve__ __d) glossopharyngeal__

__60. The alimentary canal extends from__ __a) the pharynx to the colon__ __b) the epiglottis to the small intestine__ __c) the mouth to the anus__ __d) the mouth to the descending colon__

__61) Increased interstitial fluid between alveoli that decreases gas exchange is known as:__ __ a) Emphysema __ __ b) Pulmonary Edema __

__ c) Cor Pulmonale __ __ d) Asthma __ __ e) None of the Above __ __62) Venous drainage returns blood to the heart.__ __a) deoxygenated__ __b) oxygenated__ __c) all__ __d) no__ __63) Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of oxygen toxicity?__ __a) Seizures__ __b) Damaged nervous tissue__ __c) Coma__ __d) Destroyed enzymes__ __e) All of the following are signs or symptoms of oxygen toxicity.__

__64) T/F? Hypoxemic Hypoxia involves inadequate circulation to tissues.__

__65) The affinity or binding of hemoglobin to O2 is decreased by all of the following except:__ __a) Increased temperature__ __b) Increased acidity__ __c) Increased partial pressure of CO2__ __ d) Increased partial pressure of O2 __ __ e) BPG __

__65.This area is a result of long deep inhalataions. This area sends stimulatory impulses to the inspiratory area that activates it and prolong inhalation.What is the area called?__

__A.Pneumotoaxic area__ __B. Expiratory area__ __C.Apneustic area__

__66. Larry has an inflammed pharynx caused by streptococcus pyogenes. What is this called?__

__A. Sputum__ __B. Strep throat__ __C. Rhinitis__

__67. Aging results in increased vital capacity decreased blood level of oxygen and increased alveolar macrophaged activity. True or False.__

__68. The doctor said Kerry is one of many men to contract___ __from the old construction site from inhaling asbestos particles.__

__A. Asbestosis__ __B.Mesothelioma__ __C. Asthma__ __69. The oropharynx and the laryngopharynx function in both digestion and in respiration. True or False__

__70. ????????__

__ 71)While out to dinner at a remote restaurant, you notice the man at the table nearby is choking! Following multiple attempts to dislodge the piece of food, it becomes clear that an emergency tracheotomy will be necessary. Which cartilaginous region of the larynx must be located in order to perform this procedure? __ __ a) Thyroid Cartilage __ __ b)**Cricoid Cartilage** __ __ c)Arytenoid Cartilage __ __ d)Corniculate Cartilage __

__ 72)Use the following terms to complete the sentence: A)Upward B)Downward __ __ “Cilia located above the throat moves mucus ___, while cilia located below the throat moves mucus___.”__ __ a)A,B __ __ b**)B,A** __ __ c)A,A __ __ d)B,B __

__ 73)Particles inhaled into the terminal bronchioles are removed by ___. a)Cilia b)Goblet Cells ** c)Macrophages ** d)Satelite Cells

74)Which of the following is NOT TRUE of Type II alveolar cells? a)More numerous of the alveolar cell types b)Secrete alveolar fluid c)Main Site of gas exchange d)**Both a and c**

75) Which is least likely to occur in person suffering from hypoxia (low O2 levels)? a)Ventilation-Perfusion Coupling b)Blood flow will match ventilation c)**Vasodilation (to increase blood flow) in the LUNGS** d)Vasodilation (to increase blood flow) in the LIVER

76. Thyroid cartilage allows cords to be tensed, relaxed or approximated. A. True B. False

77. The region through bronchi, pulmonary blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves is called: A. lobes B. Pleura C. hilum D. fissure

78. The pneumotaxic area only lets you breath in so much, otherwise you would become full of air. A. True B. False

79. If Hannah gets hit in the stomach with a dodgeball and the wind is knocked out of her, which volume is that? A. tidal B. visidual C. inspiratory reserve D. expiratory reserve

80. Henrys law is said to be the quality of gas will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the parietal pressure of the gas and it solubility. A. True B. False

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">81. TRUE/FALSE <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in;">Do the alveoli exchange all of the oxygen that our bodies inspire? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">A. True <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">B. False

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">82. If debris is not moved by the cilia within our airway, what would happen when the debris reaches our alveoli? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">A. The debris will be exchanged <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">B. Alveolar macrophages will consume the debris <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">C. Type II alveolar cells will consume the debris <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">D. No debris reaches the alveoli because the cilia gets rid of all debris

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">83. How does exercise initiate breathing? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">A. Proprioceptors initiate the inspiratory area, which will increase the need for oxygen <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">B. Proprioceptors do not affect respiration <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">C. Proprioceptors connect to expiratory area to get more oxygen to muscle <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">D. Proprioceptors only connect muscles to other muscles

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">84. Frank has just swallowed a piece of cheese that went down the trachea. What part of the respiratory system did not perform its function? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">A. Uvula <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">B. Soft palate <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">C. Epiglottis <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">D. Palatine tonsils

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">85. New York is above sea level, while New Orleans is below sea level. Tisha, who has asthma, has just moved from New York to New Orleans. What does this mean for her breathing? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">A. Tisha’s breathing will be better because the partial pressure of oxygen is greater <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">B. Nothing will happen because the partial pressure of oxygen is the same <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">C. Tisha’s breathing will be worse because the partial pressure has increased <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">D. Partial pressure does not affect breathing 86. Which is NOT a factor in decreasing respiratory efficiency in smokers? a) Carbon monoxide in smoke binds to hemoglobin instead of oxygen binding there b) Smoke irritates the mucosa of bronchial tree so mucus is secreted which impedes airflow c) Nicotine constricts terminal bronchioles thus airflow decreases d) Oxygen and smoke cannot enter bronchioles at the same time 87. The bubbles that appear when one opens a Coke bottle are escaping suspension when the pressure is decreased. What law describes this? a) Boyle’s law b) Henry’s law c) Murphy’s law d) Ohm’s law 88. What are the 3 basic steps of respiration? a) pulmonary respiration, gas exchange, expiration b) inspiration, gas exchange, expiration c) external respiration, pulmonary respiration, inspiration d) pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, internal respiration 89. Which of the following does not increase ventilation? a) Increase activity of proprioreceptors b) Increase in body temperature c) Increase in blood pressure d) Decrease in blood pressure 90. This type of hypoxia is caused by low PO2 in arterial blood a) hypoxic hypoxia b) anemic hypoxia c) ischemic hypoxia d)histoxic hypoxia

91. The nasal cavity is divided by the nasal conchae into what? a. Septum b. Sinus cavity c. Meatuses d. Ducts 92. Which nasal conchae is / are lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium? a. Superior b. Middle c. Inferior d. All of the above e. None of the above 93. Which part of the pharynx extends from the soft palate to the hyoid bone & includes the lingual tonsils? a. Laryngopharynx b. Oropharynx c. Nasopharynx 94. T or F – External (Pulmonary) Respiration is when gas exchange occurs between the capillaries and tissue cells. a. True b. False 95. T or F – CNS chemoreceptor’s are located in the medulla oblongata. a. True b. False

1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A. 5. B 6. True 7. B.-diaphragm 8. B.- Pulmonary vessels constrict 9. C.- Pleural effusion 10. False- the right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2 lobes 11. C 12. B FALSE 13. D 14. A 15. A TRUE 16.C 17.A  18.C  19.A  20.D  21. True 22.. False 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. 1B, 2A, 3D, 4C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. c. cricoid cartilage 32. b. sobbing 33. d. none of the above. it is passive. 34. a. pneumotaxic center 35. b. decrease 36.b 37.A 38.E 39.D 40.A 41. d 42. b 43. a 44. d 45. d 46. B 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. E 51. False 52. B 53. True 54. D 55. C 56.D 57.A 58.True 59.B 60.C 61) B 62) C 63) E 64) FALSE 65) D 66.c 67.b 68.false 69.a 70.true 71) b 72) b  73) c  74) d  75) c  76) false  77) C  78)true  79)B 80) true 81. B  82. B  83. A  84. C  85. A  86)d 87)b 88)d 89)c 90)a 91. C 92. D 93. B 94. B False 95. A True
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